How to Grow Watermelons in Michigan

Choosing the Right Watermelon Variety

Selecting the appropriate watermelon variety is crucial for success in Michigan’s climate. Factors like growing season length and disease resistance play a significant role in determining the best choice. Here’s a table comparing some popular watermelon varieties:

VarietyDays to MaturityDisease ResistanceNotes

Sugar Baby	75-85 days	Anthracnose, Fusarium Wilt	Small, icebox type, excellent for short seasons
Crimson Sweet	85-90 days	Anthracnose, Fusarium Wilt	Large, oblong fruits, popular variety
Charleston Gray	90-100 days	Anthracnose, Fusarium Wilt	Large, gray-green fruits, disease-resistant
Millionaire	90-100 days	Anthracnose, Fusarium Wilt	Large, oblong fruits, high yields

The importance of variety selection cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the success of your watermelon crop in Michigan’s shorter growing season and humid climate conditions.

Early/Short-Season Varieties

For growers in Michigan, where the growing season is relatively short, early or short-season watermelon varieties are a wise choice. These varieties typically mature in 75-85 days, allowing you to harvest before the first frost. Sugar Baby, a small, icebox-type watermelon, is a popular option for its early maturity and excellent flavor.

Disease-Resistant Varieties

Michigan’s humid summers can create ideal conditions for various watermelon diseases, such as anthracnose and fusarium wilt. To combat this, consider planting disease-resistant varieties like Crimson Sweet, Charleston Gray, or Millionaire. These varieties have built-in resistance to common diseases, reducing the need for extensive chemical treatments and increasing your chances of a successful harvest.

Site Selection and Soil Preparation

Choosing the right site and preparing the soil properly are essential steps for growing watermelons in Michigan. These factors directly influence plant growth, fruit quality, and overall yields.

The importance of site selection and soil preparation cannot be overstated, as they lay the foundation for a thriving watermelon patch.

Sunlight Requirements

Watermelons thrive in full sun exposure, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Select a site that receives ample sunlight throughout the day, as shaded areas can lead to poor fruit production and quality. Additionally, consider the site’s orientation and potential for wind protection, as watermelons prefer a sheltered environment.

Soil Amendments

Watermelons grow best in well-drained, nutrient-rich soil with a slightly acidic pH between 6.0 and 6.8. Before planting, amend the soil with compost, aged manure, or a balanced fertilizer to provide essential nutrients. Additionally, incorporate organic matter to improve soil structure and water-holding capacity.

Planting and Caring for Watermelons

Once you’ve selected the right variety and prepared the site, it’s time to plant and care for your watermelon crop. Proper planting techniques and attentive care are crucial for a bountiful harvest.

Planting and caring for watermelons require patience and diligence, but the rewards are well worth the effort.

Direct Seeding vs. Transplanting

You can either direct seed watermelons into the ground or start them indoors and transplant the seedlings later. Direct seeding is simpler, but transplanting allows for an earlier start and potentially higher yields. Consider your growing season length and personal preferences when deciding between these methods.

Watering and Mulching

Watermelons have high water requirements, especially during fruit development. Aim to provide 1-2 inches of water per week, either through irrigation or natural rainfall. Consistent moisture is crucial for preventing fruit cracking and ensuring optimal growth.

Mulching around the plants with organic materials like straw or wood chips can help retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperatures.

Pest and Disease Management

Like any crop, watermelons are susceptible to various pests and diseases. Common issues in Michigan include:

• Pests: Cucumber beetles, aphids, squash bugs
• Diseases: Anthracnose, fusarium wilt, powdery mildew

To combat these issues, implement an integrated pest management (IPM) approach, combining cultural, physical, and chemical control methods. Here are some recommended practices:

• Rotate crop locations annually
• Use row covers or insect netting to exclude pests
• Practice good sanitation by removing diseased plants and debris
• Apply organic or chemical pesticides and fungicides as needed, following label instructions

Harvesting and Storing Watermelons

After weeks of careful tending, it’s finally time to reap the rewards of your labor. Knowing when to harvest and how to store watermelons is crucial for enjoying their peak flavor and extending their shelf life.

Proper harvesting and storage techniques ensure that you can savor the fruits of your labor for as long as possible.

Signs of Ripeness

Determining when watermelons are ripe can be tricky, but there are a few telltale signs to look for:

• The underside (where the melon rests on the ground) turns from white to creamy yellow or tan.
• The curly tendril closest to the stem turns brown and dries up.
• The rind takes on a dull, matte appearance and becomes difficult to pierce with your fingernail.
• The melon produces a hollow sound when tapped.

Harvesting Techniques

Once you’ve identified ripe watermelons, follow these steps for a successful harvest:

1. Use a sharp knife or pruning shears to cut the stem about 2-3 inches from the fruit, leaving a short handle.
2. Avoid pulling or twisting the melon off the vine, as this can damage the plant and other developing fruits.
3. Gently lift and carry the watermelons to prevent bruising or cracking.
4. Harvest watermelons in the morning or evening when temperatures are cooler to prevent overheating and moisture loss.

Storage and Preservation

Watermelons can be stored at room temperature for up to two weeks, but refrigeration extends their shelf life to 3-4 weeks. Avoid storing watermelons near other ethylene-producing fruits, as this can cause premature spoilage.

For longer-term preservation, consider pickling, making watermelon jelly or jam, or freezing cubed or pureed watermelon for later use in smoothies or sorbet.

Conclusion

Growing watermelons in Michigan requires careful planning and attention, but the rewards of biting into a juicy, homegrown melon are well worth the effort. By selecting the right variety, preparing the site properly, and following best practices for planting, care, and harvesting, you can enjoy a successful watermelon harvest in Michigan’s climate.

So, roll up your sleeves, grab your gardening tools, and get ready to experience the sweet taste of summertime with your very own Michigan-grown watermelons.