How to Grow Watermelon on a Balcony

How to grow watermelon in a balcony, garden or backyard?

Choosing the Right Watermelon Variety

Not all watermelon varieties are suitable for growing in the confined spaces of a balcony. Traditional watermelon varieties can produce vines that sprawl over 20 feet, making them impractical for container gardening. Instead, you’ll need to focus on compact or dwarf varieties specifically bred for their smaller size and controlled growth habits.

Recommended Dwarf Watermelon Varieties:

• Sugar Baby: One of the most popular dwarf watermelon varieties, Sugar Baby produces round, striped fruits weighing 6-10 pounds on vines that grow 3-4 feet long.
• Golden Midget: As the name suggests, this variety yields small, golden-fleshed melons weighing 3-5 pounds on compact 3-foot vines.
• Orange Crisp: A hybrid variety with crisp, orange flesh and average fruit weights of 5-7 pounds. The vines grow to about 4 feet long.
• Bush Baby: A true space-saver, Bush Baby produces 6-8 pound melons on compact, bush-like plants that only reach 2 feet in height.

Selecting the Appropriate Container

Choosing the right container is crucial when growing watermelons on a balcony. The container needs to be large enough to accommodate the plant’s root system while also providing adequate drainage.

Container Size and Depth Requirements:

For dwarf or compact watermelon varieties, aim for a container with a minimum diameter of 18-24 inches and a depth of at least 12 inches. Larger containers with a diameter of 24-30 inches and a depth of 18 inches or more are even better, as they provide more room for the roots to spread and reduce the need for frequent watering.

Suitable Container Types:

• Plastic Pots: Lightweight, durable, and inexpensive, plastic pots are a popular choice for container gardening. Look for pots with ample drainage holes and consider getting ones with built-in rollers or stands for easy mobility.
• Terracotta Pots: These clay pots are attractive and allow for good air circulation, but they can be heavy and prone to cracking in extreme temperatures. Be sure to line the inside with a plastic bag to prevent moisture loss.
• Fabric Bags: Made from breathable, non-woven fabric, these soft-sided containers encourage air pruning of the roots and are lightweight, making them easy to move around your balcony.

Preparing the Soil and Planting

Watermelons thrive in well-draining soil rich in organic matter. A nutrient-deficient or compacted soil can stunt the plant’s growth and lead to poor fruit production.

Soil Mix and Amendments:

For a high-quality soil mix, combine equal parts of high-quality potting mix, compost, and coarse materials like perlite or vermiculite. This combination ensures adequate drainage while providing the necessary nutrients for optimal growth. You can also consider adding a slow-release balanced fertilizer to the soil mix for an extra nutrient boost.

Planting and Spacing:

If starting from seeds, sow 2-3 seeds per container, spaced 6-12 inches apart and about 1 inch deep. Once the seedlings emerge, thin out the weakest ones, leaving only the strongest plant. Alternatively, you can plant a single watermelon seedling or transplant in the center of the container, burying it up to the first set of true leaves.

Caring for Watermelon Plants on a Balcony

Proper care and maintenance are essential for ensuring a bountiful watermelon harvest on your balcony.

Watering and Drainage:

Watermelons require consistent moisture, especially during fruit development. However, overwatering can lead to root rot and other issues. Check the soil moisture regularly and water deeply when the top few inches of soil feel dry. Ensure that your containers have adequate drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.

Sunlight and Temperature Requirements:

Watermelons are sun-loving plants that thrive in warm temperatures. Aim to provide at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day, ideally in a south or west-facing location on your balcony. If temperatures dip below 50°F (10°C) or rise above 90°F (32°C), consider moving the containers to a more suitable location or providing temporary shade or protection.

Pollination and Vine Training:

Watermelons rely on insect pollination for fruit production. If you notice a lack of pollinators on your balcony, you may need to hand-pollinate the female flowers using a small brush or cotton swab. As the vines grow, train them to spread along the balcony railing or use a trellis or cage to support the weight of the developing fruits.

Harvesting and Storage

Knowing when to harvest your watermelons is crucial for enjoying their peak flavor and texture.

Signs of Ripeness:

• Tendril Browning: The tendril closest to the melon stem will turn brown and dry when the fruit is ripe.
• Ground Spot: The spot where the watermelon rests on the ground will turn from white to creamy yellow or orange.
• Hollow Sound: A ripe watermelon will produce a hollow, dull sound when tapped.
• Weight: Mature watermelons will feel heavy for their size.

Proper Harvesting Techniques:

To harvest, use a clean, sharp knife or pruning shears to cut the stem about 2-3 inches from the fruit. Be careful not to lift or carry the watermelon by the stem, as this can cause damage. Gently place the harvested watermelon on a cushioned surface to avoid bruising.

Storage and Serving Suggestions:

Whole watermelons can be stored at room temperature for up to 2 weeks, but their shelf life is extended when refrigerated. Cut watermelon should be wrapped and refrigerated, where it will last for 3-4 days. Enjoy your homegrown watermelons as a refreshing snack, in fruit salads, or even grilled or pickled for a unique twist.

Watermelon VarietyFruit WeightVine Length

Sugar Baby	6-10 lbs	3-4 feet
Golden Midget	3-5 lbs	3 feet
Orange Crisp	5-7 lbs	4 feet
Bush Baby	6-8 lbs	2 feet

Conclusion

Growing watermelons on a balcony might seem like a daunting task, but with the right variety selection, container choice, soil preparation, and care, you can enjoy the sweet rewards of your urban gardening efforts. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to harvesting juicy, homegrown watermelons right from your own balcony oasis.