If you live in Maryland and want to enjoy homegrown watermelons, you’re in luck! Watermelons can thrive in the warm summer climate of Maryland, allowing you to enjoy juicy, refreshing fruit right from your own backyard. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a beginner, growing watermelons can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience. In this article, we’ll guide you through the process of growing watermelons in Maryland, from selecting the right variety to ensuring optimal growing conditions.
Choosing the Right Variety
Preparing the Soil
Watermelons need well-draining soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 6.8. Before planting, prepare the soil by removing any weeds or grass and incorporating organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve its fertility. It’s also important to ensure that the soil has good drainage to prevent waterlogged conditions, as watermelons are susceptible to root rot. Consider adding raised beds or ridges to improve drainage if your soil tends to retain water.
Contents
- 1 Selecting the Right Watermelon Varieties
- 2 Preparing the Soil for Watermelon Planting
- 3 Sowing Watermelon Seeds
- 4 Providing Optimal Watermelon Growing Conditions
- 5 Caring for Watermelon Plants
- 6 Managing Pests and Diseases in Watermelon Plants
- 7 Harvesting Watermelons
- 8 Tips for Storing and Preserving Watermelons
Selecting the Right Watermelon Varieties
Consider the Distinguishing Characteristics
Watermelon varieties come in a range of sizes, shapes, colors, and flavors. Before making a selection, it’s essential to consider the distinguishing characteristics of each variety.
- Size: Watermelons can range in size from small personal-sized melons to large, picnic-sized ones. Consider the size that best suits your needs and preferences.
- Shape: Watermelons can be round, oval, or even elongated. Consider the shape that is most visually appealing to you.
- Color: Watermelon flesh can be pink, red, orange, or even yellow. Consider the color that you prefer or one that complements your garden aesthetics.
- Flavor: Watermelons have varying levels of sweetness and flavor profiles. Some are sweeter, while others have a more mild taste. Consider the flavor that you enjoy the most.
Choose Varieties that Thrive in Maryland’s Climate
- Disease Resistance: Opt for varieties that have good disease resistance, especially against common watermelon diseases such as fusarium wilt and powdery mildew.
- Heat Tolerance: Maryland summers can get hot and humid, so choose varieties that can withstand high temperatures and humidity without significant damage or reduced fruit quality.
- Ripening Time: Consider the average ripening time of the watermelon variety you’re interested in. Some varieties have a shorter growing season, which might be ideal if you’re looking for a quicker harvest.
Consider Your Needs and Preferences
Lastly, consider your own needs and preferences when selecting watermelon varieties. Ask yourself the following questions:
- Intended Use: Are you planning to consume the watermelons fresh, or do you want to use them for juicing or preserving?
- Seedless or Seeded: Do you prefer seedless watermelons for easier consumption, or are you open to seeded varieties?
- Quantity: How many watermelons do you plan to grow? Consider the yield potential of each variety to ensure you’ll have enough melons to meet your needs.
By considering the distinguishing characteristics, climate suitability, and your own needs and preferences, you’ll be able to select the right watermelon varieties for your Maryland garden. Remember to also consider the available space and growing conditions in your garden to ensure optimal growth and yield.
Preparing the Soil for Watermelon Planting
Before planting watermelon seeds, it is important to prepare the soil properly. This step is crucial as it sets the stage for healthy growth and a bountiful harvest. Here are some essential tips for preparing the soil for watermelon planting:
1. Choose a Sunny Location: Watermelons thrive in full sun, so select a location that receives at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day.
2. Test the Soil: Conduct a soil test to determine the pH level and nutrient content of the soil. Watermelons prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH range of 6.0-7.0. Adjust the pH level if needed by adding lime to raise the pH or sulfur to lower it.
3. Clear the Area: Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the planting area. Weeds compete with watermelon plants for nutrients and water, so it’s essential to eliminate them before planting.
4. Till the Soil: Use a garden tiller or a digging fork to loosen the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches. This will help promote good drainage and root development. Break up any clumps of soil and remove any large rocks or roots that may hinder the growth of your watermelon plants.
5. Improve Soil Quality: Incorporate organic matter into the soil to improve its texture and fertility. Adding compost or well-rotted manure will increase the soil’s ability to retain moisture and nutrients, ensuring optimal growing conditions for watermelons.
6. Apply Fertilizer: Before planting, apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer according to the instructions on the package. This will provide the necessary nutrients for the watermelon plants throughout the growing season.
7. Consider Mulching: Mulching around the watermelon plants can help conserve moisture, suppress weed growth, and regulate soil temperature. Using organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, is recommended.
8. Irrigation: Make sure there is a reliable irrigation system in place to provide regular watering for the watermelon plants. Proper watering is crucial for healthy growth and fruit development.
By following these steps and preparing the soil correctly, you will create the ideal environment for your watermelon plants to thrive. This will increase the chances of a successful harvest and allow you to enjoy juicy, sweet watermelons.
Sowing Watermelon Seeds
Once you have prepared the soil for watermelon planting, it is time to sow the watermelon seeds. Here are some steps to follow:
1. Choose the Right Time
Watermelon seeds should be sown when the soil temperature reaches around 70-90°F (21-32°C). It is important to wait until after the last frost date, as watermelon plants are sensitive to cold temperatures.
2. Prepare the Seedbed
Before sowing the seeds, make sure that the seedbed is prepared properly. Remove any weeds or debris from the soil, and loosen it with a garden fork or a tiller. This will help the watermelon seeds to germinate and establish themselves easily.
3. Plant the Seeds
Make small holes in the soil, about 1 inch (2.5 cm) deep and 2-3 feet (60-90 cm) apart. Place 2-3 seeds in each hole, and cover them lightly with soil. Water the area gently using a watering can or a hose with a gentle spray nozzle.
Tip: It is a good idea to plant additional seeds to account for any potential loss due to poor germination or pest damage.
4. Provide Proper Care
Keep the soil consistently moist, but be careful not to overwater. Watermelon seeds require regular watering for germination and establishment. It is also important to provide adequate sunlight, as watermelon plants thrive in full sun.
Tip: You can use mulch to help retain moisture in the soil and prevent weed growth. Apply a layer of organic mulch around the seedlings, leaving a gap around the stem to prevent rotting.
5. Thin the Seedlings
Once the seedlings emerge and grow to about 4 inches (10 cm) tall, thin them to leave only the strongest plant in each planting hole. This will ensure that the watermelon plants have enough space to grow and produce large, healthy fruits.
Note: You can transplant the extra seedlings to another area of the garden if desired.
By following these steps, you can successfully sow watermelon seeds and start your journey towards growing delicious, juicy watermelons!
Providing Optimal Watermelon Growing Conditions
Growing watermelons in Maryland requires providing optimal conditions to ensure a successful crop. Here are some important factors to consider:
1. Sunlight
Watermelons are sun-loving plants and require a minimum of 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Choose a location for planting where the plants will receive ample sunlight throughout the day.
2. Soil Quality
Watermelons prefer loose, well-draining soil with a pH level of 6.0-6.8. Before planting, the soil should be amended with organic matter, such as compost or aged manure, to improve its fertility and water-holding capacity.
3. Watering
Watermelons have high water requirements and need consistent moisture throughout the growing season. Water deeply and evenly, aiming for 1-2 inches of water per week. Mulching around the plants can help conserve moisture and regulate soil temperature.
4. Temperature
Watermelons thrive in warm temperatures between 70-85°F (21-29°C) during the day and 60-70°F (15-21°C) at night. Avoid planting too early in spring when the soil and air temperatures are still cool, as it can stunt the growth of the plants.
5. Spacing
Provide adequate spacing between watermelon plants to allow for proper air circulation and prevent overcrowding. Allow at least 3-4 feet between rows and 2-3 feet between plants within a row.
6. Trellising
While not mandatory, trellising watermelon vines can help save space and improve airflow, which can reduce the risk of foliar diseases. Use a sturdy trellis system and gently train the vines as they grow.
7. Fertilization
Watermelons are heavy feeders and benefit from regular fertilization. Prior to planting, incorporate a balanced fertilizer or organic amendments into the soil. Additionally, side-dress the plants with nitrogen-rich fertilizer when vines start to develop.
8. Pollination
Watermelons require adequate pollination for fruit set. Encourage pollinators, such as bees, by planting flowering plants nearby. If you notice a lack of pollination, manual pollination can be done by transferring pollen from male flowers to female flowers using a small brush or cotton swab.
By providing these optimal growing conditions, you can increase the chances of growing healthy and delicious watermelons in Maryland. Remember to monitor the plants regularly, address any pest or disease issues promptly, and harvest the fruits at the right time for the best flavor.
Caring for Watermelon Plants
Proper care is essential for growing healthy and productive watermelon plants. Here are some important tips to help you care for your watermelon plants:
1. Watering: Watermelon plants require regular and consistent watering. The soil should be kept evenly moist, but not waterlogged. It is important to provide deep watering to encourage the plants’ roots to grow deeper into the soil. Avoid overhead watering to prevent the leaves from getting wet, as this can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
2. Fertilizing: Watermelon plants are heavy feeders and require a nutrient-rich soil. Before planting, incorporate organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, into the soil. This will provide a good source of nutrients for the plants. Additionally, you can apply a balanced organic fertilizer during the growing season to ensure the watermelon plants receive adequate nutrients.
3. Mulching: Mulching around the watermelon plants can help conserve moisture, suppress weed growth, and maintain more even soil temperatures. Use organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, and spread a layer around the plants, being careful not to cover the base of the stems. Mulch will also help prevent the fruits from coming into direct contact with the soil, reducing the risk of rotting.
4. Pruning: Watermelon plants typically do not require extensive pruning. However, you can remove any damaged or diseased leaves to prevent the spread of diseases. Additionally, pruning can help improve air circulation, which is important for preventing fungal diseases.
5. Providing Support: Depending on the variety of watermelon you are growing, you may need to provide support for the vines. Use trellises, stakes, or cages to support the plants and prevent them from sprawling on the ground. Supporting the vines can improve air circulation, reduce the risk of diseases, and make it easier to harvest the fruits.
6. Pest and Disease Control: Monitor your watermelon plants regularly for any signs of pests or diseases. Common pests that may attack watermelon plants include aphids, cucumber beetles, and squash bugs. If you notice any pests, use organic pest control methods, such as insecticidal soaps or neem oil. Be proactive in preventing diseases by practicing good sanitation and avoiding overwatering.
7. Fruit Thinning: If your watermelon plants produce a high number of fruits, you may need to thin them out to ensure larger and healthier fruits. Remove smaller or misshapen fruits, leaving only a few of the strongest ones on each vine. This will allow the remaining fruits to receive more nutrients and grow to their full potential.
By following these care tips, you can ensure that your watermelon plants thrive and produce delicious, juicy fruits. Remember to monitor your plants regularly, provide proper watering and fertilization, and take action at the first sign of pests or diseases. With proper care, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of sweet and refreshing watermelons.
Managing Pests and Diseases in Watermelon Plants
One of the challenges in growing watermelons is managing pests and diseases that can damage the plants and reduce the quality of the fruit. Here are some tips to help you prevent and treat common issues:
1. Pest Prevention
Preventing pests from infesting your watermelon plants is the first line of defense. Here are some preventative measures you can take:
- Clear away any debris or weeds around your watermelon plants, as they can attract pests.
- Use row covers or netting to protect your plants from insect pests.
- Rotate your watermelon crop each year to prevent the buildup of pests in the soil.
- Remove any diseased or infested plants promptly to prevent the spread of pests.
- Encourage beneficial insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings, which can help control pests.
2. Common Pests and Diseases
Here are some common pests and diseases that can affect watermelon plants:
- Aphids: These small insects feed on the sap of the plants and can cause stunted growth and curling of leaves. They can be controlled by using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing and stippling of leaves. They can be controlled by spraying the plants with water to wash them off, or by using an insecticidal soap.
- Fusarium wilt: This fungal disease causes wilting and yellowing of leaves, and can eventually kill the plant. There is no cure for fusarium wilt, so it is important to practice crop rotation and use disease-resistant varieties.
- Powdery mildew: This fungal disease appears as a white powdery coating on the leaves. It can be controlled by applying a fungicide and improving air circulation around the plants.
3. Organic Pest and Disease Control
If you prefer to use organic methods to control pests and diseases, here are some options:
- Handpicking: Remove pests by hand, such as caterpillars or beetles, and drop them into a bucket of soapy water.
- Biological control: Release beneficial insects, such as predatory mites or parasitic wasps, that feed on pests.
- Neem oil: Use a neem oil spray, which is derived from the neem tree, to control a wide range of pests.
- Baking soda spray: Mix baking soda and water to create a spray that can help control powdery mildew.
Remember to monitor your watermelon plants regularly for signs of pests or diseases, and take action promptly to prevent them from causing major damage. With proper management, you can enjoy a healthy crop of delicious watermelons.
Harvesting Watermelons
Harvesting watermelons at the right time is crucial to enjoy their sweet and juicy flavor. Here are some tips on how to properly harvest watermelons:
1. Check the ripeness: Watermelons are ready to be harvested when the tendril closest to the fruit turns brown and dry. Additionally, the underside of the watermelon should have a creamy yellow color.
2. Use the thump test: Gently tap the watermelon and listen for a deep, hollow sound. If the sound is dull or high-pitched, the watermelon is not ripe yet.
3. Cut the stem: Use pruning shears or a sharp knife to cut the watermelon from the vine. Leave about an inch of stem attached to the fruit to increase its shelf life.
4. Handle with care: Watermelons can be delicate, so handle them gently to avoid any damage. Carry them close to your body or use a padded tray to transport them.
5. Store properly: Watermelons can be stored at room temperature for a week, but they will last longer in the refrigerator. Wrap the cut side with plastic wrap to keep it moist and prevent it from drying out.
6. Preserve the freshness: If you have harvested more watermelons than you can consume, consider preserving them by making watermelon juice, watermelon sorbet, or pickled watermelon rinds.
7. Enjoy! Once you have harvested and prepared your watermelon, it’s time to enjoy its refreshing taste. Cut it into slices or chunks, and savor the sweet and juicy goodness of a perfectly ripe watermelon.
Remember, harvesting watermelons at the right time ensures the best flavor and texture. Enjoy the fruits of your labor and share them with family and friends!
Tips for Storing and Preserving Watermelons
After harvesting your watermelons, it is important to store and preserve them properly to maximize their freshness and flavor. Here are some tips to help you store your watermelons for longer:
1. Choosing the right watermelons: Select watermelons that are fully ripe and free from any blemishes or bruises. Look for a uniform shape and a deep, rich color. Avoid watermelons with a dull or pale rind.
2. Handling with care: Handle watermelons with care to prevent any damage. Avoid dropping or tossing them, as this can lead to bruising and spoilage.
3. Storing at the right temperature: Watermelons should be stored at a cool temperature, ideally between 50-60°F (10-15°C). Avoid storing them in direct sunlight or at high temperatures, as this can cause them to ripen too quickly and spoil.
4. Keeping them dry: Watermelons should be stored in a dry environment to prevent mold or rot. Do not wash them before storing, as moisture can encourage decay. If you need to clean them, wipe them gently with a damp cloth and let them dry completely before storing.
5. Storing whole or cut: You can store whole watermelons as well as cut watermelon pieces. Whole watermelons can last for up to 2 weeks when stored properly, while cut watermelon pieces should be consumed within a few days. Wrap cut watermelon tightly in plastic wrap or store it in an airtight container to prevent moisture loss.
6. Freezing watermelon: If you have an abundance of watermelons, you can freeze them for later use. Cut the watermelon flesh into cubes or slices, then place them in a single layer on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Freeze until solid, then transfer the frozen watermelon pieces to airtight containers or freezer bags. Frozen watermelon can be stored for up to 8-12 months.
7. Reviving watermelon: If your watermelon has lost its crispness or become slightly mushy, you can revive it by placing it in ice water for 10-15 minutes. This will help restore its texture and make it more enjoyable to eat.
8. Using leftover watermelon: If you have leftover watermelon that you cannot consume before it spoils, consider using it in various recipes. You can make refreshing watermelon smoothies, salads, sorbets, or even grill it for a unique flavor.
9. Monitoring for spoilage: Check your stored watermelons regularly for any signs of spoilage. Discard any watermelons that show mold, foul smells, or mushy textures. It is best to consume the watermelons before they spoil to ensure optimal taste and quality.
By following these tips, you can ensure that your watermelons stay fresh and delicious for as long as possible. Enjoy the sweet and juicy taste of your home-grown watermelons even after the harvest season!

Hello, I am Carolyn J. Vance, the dedicated author behind the enriching content you find on MelonWatermelonHaven.com. My website is your ultimate guide to the delightful world of melons and watermelons, offering a plethora of information and tips to enhance your knowledge and experience with these refreshing fruits.
In my recent articles, I have ventured into various intriguing topics, providing you with a step-by-step guide on how to make watermelon moonshine at home, and sharing expert tips and tricks on how to choose a ripe watermelon on the vine. I also take you on a gastronomic journey exploring the delicious world of Pepino melon with tips and recipes to try at home.
My passion for these fruits extends to offering guidance on finding the perfect kitchen tools, such as the best places to purchase a melon baller to enhance your culinary adventures. I am here to answer all your melon-related queries, be it understanding the refreshing flavor of honeydew melon or learning about the best time to plant watermelon in North Carolina.
I invite you to explore the rich content on MelonWatermelonHaven.com, where every article is crafted with meticulous attention to detail, aiming to offer you a deeper understanding of the vibrant world of melons and watermelons. Let’s embark on this flavorful journey together, one melon at a time!